SPPM 1013 : TELECOMMUNICATION & NETWORKING

INTERNET PROTOCOL -Internet is a global collection of network -interconnected computers work by transmitting data through a special type of packet switching which is known as the IP (internet protocol) -when you connect to the internet, your computer becomes part of a work. a hierarchy of networks -from a single computer to LAN -from LAN to ISP  -ISP to WWW INTERNET PROTOCOL 💃 Every machine on the internet has a unique identifying number, called an IP address the IP stands for internet protocol ,which is the language that computers use to communicate over the internet. a protocol is the pre-defined way that someone who wants to use a service talks with that service.  a typical IP looks like this 216.27.61.137 an IP address consists of 32 bits, often shows as 4 octets of numbers from 0-255  DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM internet services that translate domain name like www.hotwired.com into into numerical IP address like 204.62.131.1

TECHNOLOGY AND STANDARDS Wi-Fi bluetooth infrared broadband IEE802.XXX https://www.link-labs.com/blog/types-of-wireless-technology https://www.efxkits.us/different-types-of-wireless-communication-technologies/

CABLING & HARDWARE 👐 CABLING -cabling is the medium through which information usually moves from one network device to another. -there are 3 types of cables :   coaxial cable -originally develop to carry large number of high speed video transmission at one time. -shield of braided wire to block electromagnet signals from entering the cables. -used in telephones transmission outside home and cable for television delivery. -more expensive than twisted pair but less susceptible to interference. -can carry more data quickly. -coaxial cable has a single copper conductor at its center -a plastic layer provides insulation between the center conductor and a braided metal shield. -the metal shield helps to block any outside interference from fluorescent lights, motors and other computers.   fiber optic cable -consists of a center glass core surrounded by several layers of protective materials. -able to transmit signals over much

DEFINITION of COMPUTER NETWORK 💢 computer network is a collection of computers and other hardware devices so that network users can share hardware, software, data and they can communicate with each other electronically.  types of networks Local Area Network (LAN) - covers relatively small geographical area such as home, school and office building - client/server network are examples of LAN - allows file exchange, emails, printers sharing or accessing the internet. Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) - Network designed to service a metropolitan area, a city or a country. - owned or provided by a city or network provider - for local peoples access to internet Wide Area Network (WAN) - network that covers large / broad geographical area - exp : telecommunications network that links across metropolitan, regional, or national boundaries using private or public network transport -internet : world's largest WAN NET

what is data communication ?😕😕😕 data communication is a process of changing information in a form of a digital data (binary) in between two or more devices using electronic delivery system. it is transmitted via mediums such as wires, cables, and radiated electromagnetic waves such as broadcast radio, infrared light, microwaves and satellites. for further explanation, open this link 👇 http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/data+communications TYPES OF SIGNAL  data comes in variety styles such as text, voice, pictures and video. all this type of information need to be converted into signal that can be understood by the communication media in order to transmit the data from one place to another location.  data comes in 2 types of formation :                  - analogue signal                - digital signal ANALOGUE SIGNAL   it is like human's voice it is formed by continuously varying voltage level that create wave than be